Some Explanation About Congress of Tucumán

The Declaration of Independence of Argentina was a decision made by the Congress of Tucumán which was held in the city of San Miguel de Tucumán of the then United Provinces in South America.

It was proclaimed on July 9, 1816 in the house that was owned by Francisca Bazán Laguna, which was declared a National Historic Monument in 1941. With that statement, breaking the bonds of political dependence that local governments had with the Spanish monarchy.

Background

In 1814, King Ferdinand VII returned to the throne of Spain. This action took his arguments to the men who started the May Revolution and established the first Board under the premise of the Mask of Ferdinand VII. They could no longer act on behalf of the King of Spain because he was back in the real power. Spain wanted to regain their colonies.

The Royalists (supporters of colonialism) had succeeded in Sipe-Sipe, Guaqui Vilcapugio and Ayohuma and were strong in Upper Peru today Bolivia. From there they thought to attack the bases of patriots and then under the command of José de San Martín and invade the whole territory of Argentina with the objective of the city of Buenos Aires.

On April 15, 1815, a revolution ended with the unitary government of Carlos Maria de Alvear. The revolutionaries demanded the convening of a General Congress. Initially sent deputies from every province sessions starting on 24 March 1816. Each delegate representing 15,000 people.

The Congress of Tucumán

Several territories that had belonged to the Viceroyalty of the Rio de la Plata could not send their representatives: some for having fallen to the enemy, others by being conducted by the Luso-Brazilian invasion.

All provinces of the Federal League (Banda Oriental, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Misiones and Santa Fe) try to obtain their representatives but they were trapped by the agents of the Board Unit installed in Buenos Aires, only because of its strategic location and ability their diplomats a single province with federalist government managed to get their representatives: Córdoba which, although failed to win federal ideas, they represented the ideals advocated by José Gervasio Artigas.

As for Paraguay, this territory became independent (after Confederate state) to the Board hypercentral attitudes established in the city of Buenos Aires, as to the territories of Patagonia, and the Gran Chaco Comahue were under the dominion of the called primitive peoples. The Congress began on March 24 attended by 33 members.

It is noteworthy that despite a predominance of representatives of the provinces with the sign "unitary," Congress of San Miguel de Tucumán said many of the federal intentions held by José de San Martín, Manuel Belgrano and Bernardo de Monteagudo, among others its principal filmmakers.

The situation of open war with the Spanish monarchy and the growing interference of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and Algarve meant that tactically, many who might have sympathy for federalism, decided abroquelarse monolithically in a kind of "Unitarianism" cyclical to external attacks.

Moreover, Congress, in the memorable meeting of July 9, 1816, claimed nearly all of the statements in the Eastern Conference meeting called to order by José Gervasio Artigas in Arroyo de la China in mid-1815. Among other crucial intentions that were established in the Arroyo de la China, in the Congress of Tucumán proclaimed the declaration of independence from Spain and Argentina (after a week) of all other foreign domination.

According to the decision of the delegates, the rotating presidency and the Congress was changed every month. This body, also had the power to intervene in virtually all matters presented for consideration. This led to endless debates.

The vote ultimately took place on 9 July. At that time presiding over the body, the representative of San Juan, Francisco Narciso de Laprida. No country recognized at that time, national independence. The subsequent discussion revolved around the form of government to be adopted for the new state.

The continued work of the Congress in Buenos Aires, which began deliberations in 1817, where Argentina passed the Constitution of 1819. The Congress was dissolved in 1820, after the defeat of the Directory at the Battle of Cepeda, which marked the beginning of the anarchy of the twentieth year.


Source: http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Declaraci%C3%B3n_de_independencia_de_la_Argentina

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